U se ke ua thetsoa.
Ho putlama, ho kopanngoa le ho kopanngoa ha lifofane tse kholo ho tla jella bapalami chelete e ngata 'me ho etsa hore maeto e be ntho e nyarosang ho feta kamoo e seng e le joalo.
Ke Economics 101: Tlholisano e fokolang e bolela litheko tse phahameng, ho fokotseha ha litšebeletso tsa bareki, lifofane tse tletseng batho ba bangata, le litšitiso tse tebileng ha ho e-na le likhohlano tsa basebetsi kapa litaba tsa tlhokomelo.
Libekeng tse 'maloa tse fetileng, mathata a lifofane e bile a maholo. Bapalami ba 300,000 ba hlakotsoe lifofane tsa bona.
Beke ena e bile beke e monate habeli ho sechaba.
Lifofane tse fetang 4,000 li hlakotsoe bakeng sa mathata a tlhokomelo 'me lifofane tse nyane tse theko e tlase li tsoile khoebong kapa li senyehile: Oasis, Skybus, ATA, Aloha, MAXjet, le Frontier.
Ka lebaka leo, tlhōlisano metseng e mengata e tla fela 'me ho tla ba le khatello e eketsehileng holim'a bapalami ba seng ba ntse ba le teng ka lebaka la lifofane tse tletseng ho feta le litheko tse phahameng. 'Me ka matla a maholo ao ba a sebelisang Washington, hangata ba fumana seo ba se batlang.
Ha ho motho ea senyang le lifofane tse kholo tsa DC. Ha baa lumelloa ho hloleha. Ha e mong oa bona a kena mathateng, ba "itlhophisa hape" 'me, ka likalimo tse kholo tsa federal tse tsoang ho Congress, ba tsoela pele joaloka pele.
Ha ho na boholo bo joalo bo sebetsang ho lifofane tse nyane tse theko e tlase.
US e habile k'holejeng ea lifofane tse peli kapa tse tharo, tse tla felisa ka mokhoa o hlophisehileng bajari bohle ba theko e tlase - Boroa-Bophirima-Bophirima, Amerika Bophirima, Air Tran, Jet Blue le ba bang - ho bula tsela ea ho nyoloha ha litheko tsa linaleli.
Ha lik'hamphani tse kholo tsa lifofane li tlosa tlhōlisano motseng o itseng, litheko li phahame. Tlaleho e fanoeng lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng ke Lefapha la Lipalangoang e fumane hore libakeng tse laoloang haholo, bapalami ba limilione tse 24.7 ba lefile, ka karolelano, 41% ho feta balekane ba bona ba limmarakeng tse nang le tlhōlisano ea theko e tlaase. Sena se ts'ehetsa Boithuto ba Litlaleho tsa Bareki ba litekete tse thibetsoeng ka theko e tlase tse limilione tse 42 tse rekisitsoeng ka 1999, tse bonts'itseng bapalami ba phomolo ba lefa 10% ho feta bakeng sa maeto a sefofane a ho khutla a bonyane limaele tse 1600 ho tloha litoropong tsa liqhobosheane.
Rea tseba hore na bokamoso bo tla ba joang.
Hajoale, ha morekisi a le mong a busa 'marakeng, litheko li phahama haholo. Batsamaisi ba maeto le sechaba se tsamaeang ha ba na matla a ho etsa litherisano, lifofane li lula li tletse, 'me litšebeletso lia senyeha. Mohlala, phuputsong ea univesithi e entsoeng lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, "sebaka sa liqhobosheane" se laoloang ke Northwest Airlines e Minneapolis se jella bapalami chelete e eketsehileng ea $456 milione ka selemo, ho feta tefiso e tloaelehileng ea lifofane tse bapisoang le libakeng tseo eseng tsa libaka. (Palo ea kajeno mohlomong e imenne habeli.)
Hobaneng? Bokone-bophirima bo laola 80% ea lifofane tse tsoang Minneapolis. Severin Borenstein oa Univesithi ea California, Davis, o hakantse hore karolelano ea theko ea litekete ea Northwest ho tloha setsing sa eona se ikemetseng e ne e le 38% ho feta karolelano ea naha bakeng sa lifofane tse bapisoang.
Litsebi tsa moruo li e bitsa "Fortress Hub Premium". Bapalami ba fofang ho tloha libakeng tse ling tsa liqhobosheane (Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Miami, Denver, Houston, Dallas, Detroit, St. Louis, Atlanta, Memphis, Phoenix) ba se ba ntse ba lefa chelete ena e ngata haholo.
Haeba likhokahano tse reriloeng li feta, ka lebaka la ho nyamela ha lifofane tsena tse ling, bapalami ba fofang ho tsoa metseng e meng ho pholletsa le naha ba tla lefa ho feta.
Amerika, United, le Delta li tšoana le bana ba tsamaeang ka mor'a lebota la lebala la lipapali 'me ba ikarola limmabole. Ntle le tlholisano ea theko e tlase, linatla tsa lifofane li tla tšoara sechaba se tsamaeang.
Tsela eo e sebetsang ka eona e ne e ngotsoe hantle nyeoeng ea Lefapha la Toka khahlanong le American Airlines lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng. Liofisiri tsa 'muso li ile tsa qosa hore Amerika e sebelisitse motsoako oa litefello tse tlase, ho fumaneha ka bongata ha litulo tse theko e tlaase, le ho eketsa lifofane ho qobella lifofane tse ngata tse theko e tlaase -Vanguard, Western Pacific, le Sunjet - ho felisa kapa ho fokotsa tšebeletso' marakeng oa Dallas. Hang ha lifofane tse nyane li qobelletsoe ho tsoa, Amerika e ile ea hlakola lifofane le ho phahamisa litheko, tseo ba neng ba lokolohile ho li etsa, ntle le ho hloka kotlo, ho latela boemo ba bona ba ho laola.
Boitšoaro ba mofuta ona ke ka lebaka leo lik'hamphani tse ncha tsa lifofane li nang le nako e thata hakana ea ho kena 'marakeng. 'Me ke lona lebaka le tšoanang leo ka lona Southwest le JetBlue hangata li fofang ho tloha metseng e menyenyane kapa tlas'a boema-fofane bo nang le litšebeletso: ha ba batle ho hlōlisana ka ho toba le lifofane tse kholo tsa lifofane.
Ha hoa lokela ho ba ka tsela ena.
Europe, lifofane tse ngata tse ncha tse theko e tlase li ntse li atleha. Ryan Air, easyJet, AirBerlin, BMI, WizzAir, Blue Air, Norwegian Air Shuttle, le German Wings li fana ka litheko tse tlase haholo bakeng sa baeti ba phomolo (mohlala, London ho ea Cologne: Euro e le 'ngoe).
Empa ha e le hantle, lintho ha li ntle hakaalo.
Leha Selekane se secha sa Open Skies, se lumellang phihlello e eketsehileng ea ho fihla litoropong tsa Amerika bakeng sa lifofane tsa kantle ho naha, se na le ts'episo e itseng bakeng sa lifofane tsa machabeng, ha ho na tšepo bakeng sa lifofane tsa lapeng. Likhamphani tsa lifofane li se li ntse li lefisa litheko tse batlang li tšoana ka lipontšo tsa lekunutu tsa komporo. Theko e le 'ngoe feela ea theko bakeng sa bapalami lilemong tse' maloa tse fetileng e tsoa ho likoloi tse nyane tse qalang tse kang ...Southwest, Airbus, Frontier…. le sekhahla sa USAir se fokotsehile boitekong ba bona ba ho qothisana lehlokoa le li-behemoth. Tlholisano ena e bolokile litheko li le tlase le ho eketsa litšebeletso.
Ho kopanngoa ha lifofane ke mohlala oa "boikhohomoso bo sa thijoeng ba lifofane le ho hlokomoloha ka mokhoa o hlakileng melao-motheo ea tlhōlisano" ho boletse Richard M. Copland, mopresidente oa mehleng oa ASTA, ea hanyetsang ka matla ho kopanya. "E ka ba koluoa ea lefu bakeng sa tšepo leha e le efe ea tlhōlisano indastering ea lifofane."
“Meharo e senya tsamaiso ea rōna ea lipalangoang ea sechaba bakeng sa batho ba tsamaeang. Haeba setulo se seng le se seng se tletse, phaello e le mafura 'me bapalami ba halefile, u na le mokhoa oa mofuta ofe oa lipalangoang oa naha?" Ho boletse Copland. "Lifofane li bontšitse ka morero oa tsona o tšehisang, oa boithaopo oa boithaopo hore ha ho letho le tla fetoha ntle le ho kenella ha mmuso."
Likhamphani tsa lifofane li sireletsa bompoli ba tsona ka ho re, “Ke naha e lokolohileng. Mmaraka o lokolohileng.” Ba lokafatsa liketso tsa bona ka ho bolela hore ba tlameha ho arabela likhatello tsa 'maraka, litefiso tse phahameng tsa mafura le litheko tse theohileng.
Empa ho lula Amerika ha ho bolele hore mmuso o tšehelitsoe, bo-monopoli ba tlameha ho lumelloa ho hatella bahlolisani ba bona. Tsamaiso ea rona ea moruo oa mebaraka e sa lefelloeng e hahiloe holim'a tlhōlisano. Haeba lifofane li batla ho eketsa karolo ea 'maraka, banna ba baholo ba tlameha ho e fumana ka ho hapa khoebo le botšepehi ba bareki ba bona, eseng ka ho nyolla bahlolisani kapa ho ba leleka khoebong ka litheko tse tlase le likalimo tsa mmuso.
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