"Overtourism."
Lentsoe leo hona joale e leng karolo e tiileng ea lexicon ea lefats'e la bohahlauli, mme leha ho le joalo ha le e-so ka le utluoa ho fihlela lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, kajeno e se e le lentsoe le lebe la litlhaku tse 11 le emelang tšabo ea boteng ba lehlakore le lefifi la lekala le fetohileng lesedi le kganyang lefatshe ka bophara. Le tsepamiso ea likhang tse ngata tsa indasteri.
Ha u e utloa, litšoantšo tsa kelello tse itlelang feela li tla kelellong ea liketsahalo tse seng li tloaelehile haholo ho baetapele ba indasteri le barati ba tsona: likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe li fihla boema-kepeng ba Venice kapa Barcelona, li tšollela bahahlauli ba likete literateng tse tummeng tsa litoropo le litselaneng tsa metsing. Melapo ea lithupa tsa selfie-thupa e tsamaisang bahahlauli e nyolohang libakeng tsa lefa, e beha kotsing ea ho senya lithako tsa khale. Batho ba ratang mekete ea boithabiso ba mabōpong a matle a Asia, ba fetola bosiu bo bong tlas'a khanya ea khoeli e tolokileng ho ba pono e nyarosang ea pono hang ha letsatsi le chaba. Mme ho na le tse ling tse ngata ...
E tsoa hokae, "overtourism" ee?
E le sesupo sa maikutlo a nyarosang a tšusumetso e boima ea kholo ea bohahlauli libakeng tseo ho tsamauoang ho tsona, lentsoe lena le ile la qaptjoa la pele selemo se fetileng ke SKIFT, lense e etelletseng pele liphetohong tse hlahang lekaleng lena. Joalo ka mohopolo, poleloana ena e bonts'a ho bobola ha meaho, le baahi, e ka utluoang libakeng tse ngata tse hlokang tlhohonolofatso ea bohahlauli e le mokhoa oa botsitso ba moruo le monyetla, empa ba utloa thohako ea kholo ea eona e sa laoleheng. Litlhaloso li ntse li eketseha, li tletse litletlebo mabapi le liketsahalo. Litšepiso tsa ho hlola bothata li tsoa likhutlong tsohle.
Ha bongata ba litletlebo bo ntse bo eketseha, sekhahla se bonahala se ntse se eketseha ho fihlela sello se kopaneng sa lefatše ka bophara sa "ETSA!"
Baahi ba sebaka seo ka nako e ’ngoe ba neng ba thabela ho bulela baeti mamati ha ba sutele morao, ba fumana sebete le kholiseho ea ho bua (le ho ipelaetsa ka) mantsoe ao indasteri ka kakaretso e a tšohileng: “Re ke ke ra hlola re e nka, ’me re ke ke ra hlola re e nka! ” Boikutlo bo ntseng bo hola: ha ba khone ho tšehetsa indasteri ena e lumellang batho bao ba sa ba tsebeng ba tlisang palo ea bona e kholo (le mekhoa e mebe hangata), libakeng tseo ba li bitsang “mahae.”
LITŠEKO TSA HO TLOA MONYAKO KA PELE
Empa na batho ba libaka tse etelletseng pele tsa bohahlauli lefatšeng ka bophara ba ka khona ho se tšehetse kholo ea lekala? Na hoa khoneha ho etela bohahlauli ba mabone a mafubelu empa libakeng tse ngata hakaale ho pota lefatše e le bohahlauli bo entseng hore moruo oa bona o se ke oa bonahala?
Tabeng ena, ho Selemo sa Machaba sa Machaba a Kopaneng sa Bohahlauli ba Moshoelella bakeng sa Ntlafatso, (IY2017) ha tlhaloso ea kamehla ea "stainable" e atisa ho ba:
• Tikoloho,
• Moruo,
• Sechaba, le
• Setso.
Ho na le ntlha e le 'ngoe, ntlha e le 'ngoe ea bohlokoa e sa lokelang ho hlokomolohuoa: Ho tšoarella ha Moea oa Bohahlauli. Ho tšoarella ha moelelo o bonolo oa se ka sehloohong sa bohahlauli: ho nahanela liphapang tsa ba bang, ho ithuta le ho ananela lefatše la ba bang.
Ka lilemo tse ngata, litsebi tsa bohahlauli li ’nile tsa bua ka bohahlauli e le mokhoa oa ho tlisa khotso. Ka linako tse ling, polelo ena e ne e beha ts'epahalo ea lekala kotsing, li-esoteric tsa eona li etsa hore lintši li phahame. Ehlile? Na hoo ha se hole haholo ka ho tlola?
Mehleng eo? Mohlomong, empa eseng hona joale. Ka lebaka la liqholotso tsa sebele tsa litšokelo tsa karohano le ho khesoa ha setso tseo lefatše la rōna le arolelanoang le tobaneng le tsona kajeno, boleng ba bohahlauli e le tšusumetso e ntle e khothalletsang kutloisiso, kamohelo le kutloelo-bohloko ke tsa bohlokoa. Ke karolo efe e 'ngoe lefatšeng e khothalletsang le ho susumetsa batho ba nang le boitsebahatso, likhopolo le mehopolo e fapaneng ho kopana, ho mamela, ho ithuta, ho utloisisa le ho keteka?
Moea oa bohahlauli ke ho amohela baeti, ho amohela, ho arolelana. E mabapi le ho hokahanya.
Ha bohahlauli bo ntse bo hola, ke moea oa bohahlauli o thusang sechaba sa rona sa lefats'e ho hola ka tlhompho, kutloelo-bohloko, bonngoe. Karolo ena ea bohlokoa, ea bohlokoahali, ea bohahlauli e hloka ho ts'oaroa.
Empa joale re sebetsana joang le li-downsides?
TSEBA SEBAKA, ESENG MATSHWAO
Joalokaha ho boletsoe morao tjena ke Dr Taleb Rifai, Mongoli Kakaretso oa UNWTO, karabelong ea ho phahama ha mocheso phehisanong e mabapi le "overtourism":
“Khōlo hase sera. Lipalo tse ntseng li eketseha hase sera. Khōlo ke pale ea ka ho sa feleng ea moloko oa batho. Khōlo ea bohahlauli e ka lebisa katlehong ea moruo, mesebetsi le lisebelisuoa bakeng sa ho tšehetsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le paballo ea setso, hammoho le litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele ea sechaba le tsoelopele, tseo ho seng joalo li neng li ke ke tsa fumaneha. Ho boetse ho bolela hore ka ho kopana le ba bang re ka atolosa pono ea rōna, ra bula likelello tsa rōna le lipelo tsa rōna, ra ntlafatsa boiketlo ba rōna le ho ba batho ba molemo. Ho theha lefatše le betere. ”
Ke ka hona, ho e-na le ho hlahlobisisa le ho nyatsa bothata, rona re le indasteri re tlameha ho tsepamisa matsapa a rona tharollong. Rifai o tsoela pele:
“Lefapha le hloka melaoana le litataiso tse hlakileng, empa eseng tse ka thibelang kholo. Ho e-na le hoo, melaoana e netefatsang taolo ea eona e tsitsitseng le liketso tsa kholo e tsitsitseng tse thusang tse kang:
1. Fetola mesebetsi ea baeti, ka mofuta le sebaka.
2. Mekhoa le maano a sebetsang hantle le a kopaneng a ho laola baeti libakeng.
3. Melao ea ho fokotsa nako ea selemo.
4. Khothatso bakeng sa lekala la poraefete ho tsetela libakeng tse ncha le lihlahisoa tse ncha.
5. Litšusumetso le maano a ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla le metsi le ho sebetsana le litlhoko tse ling tsa sechaba, mefokolo le likhaello.
Mosebetsi o mong le o mong o ntseng o hōla oa batho o na le mathata a oona. Karabo ha ea lokela ho ba ho emisa ts'ebetso, le ho lahleheloa ke melemo eohle ea eona e hlakileng, empa ho latela phephetso le ho e laola ka nepo. ”
"Overtourism" ke sesupo, sesosa sa bohloko bo ntseng bo hola ke taolo e mpe ea kholo.
Ho ’nile ha ngoloa ho hongata, ’me ho sa ntsane ho tla ngoloa ka bothata ba “bohahlauli bo feteletseng.” Boemong ba naha, ba libaka le ba lehae, maano le litsamaiso li tla etsoa ho netefatsa hore kholo ea lekala e phela hantle, e tšoarella, e lekana bakeng sa bohle, haholo-holo baahi ba lehae. Kaofela re tlameha ho ba karolo ea tharollo.
Empa ha se taba ea indasteri feela. Maano a ho kenya tšebetsong khōlo e tsitsitseng ea lekala la Bohahlauli le khothaletsang melemo ea lona ho phahamisa maphelo a batho lefats'eng lohle ha se boikarabello ba ba indastering feela. Ho boetse ho itšetlehile ka baeti ka bobona.
Hoa thahasellisa le ho leboha, boemong ba botho, leano le bonolo. Ha e le hantle ke e 'ngoe eo bana bohle lefatšeng ka bophara ba e rutoang, esale pele, hohle.
Motho o atamela joang sebakeng se secha, ho kopana le batho ba bacha, le ho haha likamano tse ncha? “Hlokomela Mekhoa ea Hao.”
#TSAMAILENG HLOMPHO
SEO U LOKELANG HO SE NKA HO SEHLOOHO ENA:
- A word now a firm part of the global tourism lexicon, and yet never heard before until just a few years ago, today it has become a nasty 11-letter word representing the fear of presence of a dark side of a sector that has become a bright light across the globe.
- As a concept, the term reflects the groans of infrastructure, and locals, which can be heard in many destinations needing the blessing of tourism as a means of economic stability and opportunity, but feeling the curse of its unmanaged growth.
- As an expression of the ominous feeling of burdensome impact of tourism growth in destinations, the term was first coined just a year ago by SKIFT, a leading lens on changes emerging in the sector.
