Phokotso ena e ama ts'ebetso ea lifofane le merero ea ho thaotha, e leng se ka tsosang matšoenyeho ho bao e leng khale ba bafofisi ba lifofane. Leha ho le joalo, Martynas Mazeika, Ofisiri e ka Sehloohong ea Thekiso ho BAA Training, e leng akademi e ka sehloohong ea lifofane, o lumela hore ho hahamalla mosebetsi oa bofofisi ho ntse ho le molemo.
Ho Hlalositsoe Litieho tsa Phano ea Lifofane
Ka bobeli bahlahisi ba tobane le liphephetso tse sitisang bokhoni ba bona ba ho hlakola lits'epo tse saletseng morao, tseo hajoale li seng li felile 6,184 bakeng sa Boeing le ho feta 8,585 bakeng sa Airbus. Mabaka a tieho ena a fapane, ho kenyeletsoa botlolo ea phepelo ea thepa, phallo ea basebetsi, litlamorao tsa COVID-19, esita le likotsi tsa sefofane.
Likhakanyo tsa Phano ea Lifofane tsa 2024
Bahlahlobisisi ba Forecast International ba lebelletse hore Boeing e tla fana ka lifofane tsa khoebo tse 413 ka 2024, e leng phokotseho e batlang e le 22% ho tloha selemong se fetileng. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, Airbus e lebelletsoe ho fana ka lijete tse 764, keketseho ea 3% ho tloha selemong se fetileng.
Le hoja mokhoa o ka holimo o fana ka maikutlo a hore bokhoni ba Airbus ba ho fana ka thepa bo matla ho feta ba Boeing, ha bo matla ho lekana ho lumellana le tlhokahalo, eo hape e leng matla ho feta Boeing. Mookameli oa Airbus haufinyane o boletse hore ba na le tlhokahalo e eketsehileng eo bokhoni ba ho fana ka eona - ha bafani ba likete tse 'maloa ba lieha ho fihla, ba liehisa bohle.
Supply Chain Bottlenecks
Airbus e sokola ho fumana lienjine ho tsoa ho bahlahisi ba kang CFM International le Pratt & Whitney, e amang haholo mefuta e batloang haholo ea A320neo le A220. Karolelano ea lifofane tsa malapa tse 350 tsa Airbus A320 ho hakanngoa hore li tla theoa selemo le selemo ho tloha 2024 ho isa 2026, e leng se lebisang phokotsong ea bokhoni ba lifofane tse itseng. Mohlala, Wizz Air e ile ea tlameha ho fokotsa matla ka hoo e ka bang 10%. Boemo bo Rataneng ba Boeing
Mathata a Boeing a eketsoa ke nalane ea litaba tsa polokeho, ho kenyelletsa likotsi tse peli tse bolaeang tsa 737 MAX ka 2018 le 2019 tse ileng tsa emisa tlhahiso ka nakoana. Haufinyane tjena, ketsahalo e haufi le koluoa e amanang le ho phatloha ha phanele ea moea ho Alaska Airlines 737 MAX 9 ka Pherekhong 2024 e lebisitse Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ho thibela Boeing ho sekhahla sa tlhahiso ea khoeli le khoeli ea 38 ho fihlela taolo ea boleng e netefatsoa. . Ho feta moo, tieho ea sefofane sa 777X se seholo, se neng se reretsoe ho tsamaisoa ka 2021, se chechisitse liphallelo tsa pele ho 2026. Seteraeke se ntseng se tsoela pele se amang Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Machinists le Aerospace Workers (IAM) le sona se fokolitse tlhahiso litsing tsa bohlokoa, tse amang 737. Mananeo a MAX le 777X. Matsatsi a seng makae a fetileng, Boeing e phatlalalitse ho fokotsa basebetsi ba 17,000, e leng karolo ea 10 lekholong ea basebetsi ba eona.
Ho ea ka Reuters, Ryanair e ne e lokela ho fumana liphallelo tse 20 ho tloha Boeing pele ho December. Leha ho le joalo, sefofane se lebelletse hore li liehe ho fihlela selemong se tlang, e leng se entseng hore se fokotse likhakanyo tsa sona tsa sephethephethe sa 2025.
Lik'hamphani tsa Lifofane li Etsa Maano a Fapaneng
Lihlooho tsa litaba tse bolelang hore lik'hamphani tse fapaneng tsa lifofane li emisa koetliso le ho hira batho ka lebaka la tieho ea ho fana ka lifofane li se li tloaelehile mecheng ea litaba. Empa na see se bolela hore baokameli ba lifofane ba lokela ho nahanisisa ka khetho ea bona ea mosebetsi?
Ho Nolofatsa Ho hira Lifofane
Martynas Mazeika oa hlalosa: “Ke ’nete hore lik’hamphani tse ling tsa lifofane ha li liehe feela koetliso le ho hira batho nakong ea lehlabula empa hape li tsoela pele ho etsa se tšoanang nakong ea hoetla le mariha. Leha ho le joalo, sena se matla haholo USA ho feta Europe, haholo-holo mabapi le American Airlines, Spirit Airlines, Delta Airlines, le United Airlines.
Empa re se ke ra lebala hore bafofisi ba bangata ba lifofane ba tla fihla lilemong tsa ho tlohela mosebetsi haufinyane. Mohlala, Amerika e lebelletse hore bafofisi ba lifofane ba ka bang 850 ba tla tlohela mosebetsi selemo le selemo lilemong tse hlano tse tlang. Phetoho ena e lebelletsoeng e bontša hore le hoja ho hira ho ntse ho fokotseha, bafofisi ba bacha ba ntse ba tla hloka ho tlatsa likheo tse siiloeng ke basebetsi ba tlohelang mosebetsi.
"Ke ka lebaka lena ho phethela menyetla ea mesebetsi ea lifofane e thehiloeng feela lintlheng tsa ho tsamaisa lifofane ho ka bang phoso."
E ntse e Loana le Khaello ea Pilot
Tlhokahalo ea nako e telele ea basebetsi ba lifofane ba sa tsoa tšoaneleha e ntse e le matla, kaha ho tla hlokahala lifofane tse ncha tsa 155,000 Europe le Asia lilemong tse 20 tse tlang. Polelo ea Boeing. Mohlala oa morao-rao oa khaello ea lifofane o ka bonoa le KLM Airlines, e kopileng bafofisi ba eona ba nakoana hore ba sebetse ka nako eohle ho thibela ho theola karolo ea likepe tsa eona.
"Ka 2023, lifofane tse ngata tsa Europe, tse loantšanang le khaello ea lifofane, li ile tsa nyolla meputso ea tsona ka hoo e ka bang 5-10%, ka mesebetsi e itseng, joalo ka bafofisi ba lifofane, ba bona keketseho e phahameng le ho feta. USA, ho bile le keketseho e fihlang ho 50% e tlalehiloeng, "ho arolelana Mazeika.
Retelehela ho Likhamphani tsa ACMI bakeng sa Thuso
Ha sefofane seo u neng u ntse u se bala ha se fihle ka nako 'me se hloka ho amohela bokhoni, ho retelehela ho lik'hamphani tsa ACMI (Aircraft, Crew, Maintenance, le Insurance) hangata ke tharollo e molemohali.
Mohlala, Wizz Air, e shebaneng le tieho ea A320neo, le Finnair, ba emetse li-A350 tse liehileng, ba fetotse likarolo tsa maano a bona a khoebo ho boloka bokhoni ba ts'ebetso.
Tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha e bonahala liphellong tsa lichelete tsa likhoebo tsa ACMI. Mohlala, Avia Solutions Group e thehiloeng Dublin, e leng k'hamphani e kholo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ea ACMI le k'hamphani ea motsoali ea BAA Training e sebelisang sehlopha sa lifofane tse 214, e tlalehile lekeno la halofo ea pele ea € 1.2 bilione, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 29% le. keketseho ea 44% ea phaello ea chelete bakeng sa kotara ea bobeli ea 2024 ha e bapisoa le nako e tšoanang ka 2023.
Hoa thahasellisa hore lifofane ha li fetohele lik'hamphani tsa ACMI feela; ba bang ba itlhahlobela khoebo ka bobona. Mohlala, Norwegian Air Shuttle e bonts'a phaello e ka bang teng ea ho kena lekaleng la ACMI. Le hoja e se sefofane sa sefofane sa ACMI, se kentse letsoho ho hira ho omileng, moo e hirang feela sefofane (ntle le basebetsi kapa litšebeletso tse eketsehileng) ho lifofane tse ling kapa basebetsi.
Bafofisi ba Lifofane ba Batla Leha ho le joalo
Ho latelaMazeika, tlhoko e phahameng ea hajoale ea likhoebo tsa ACMI e bula menyetla e khahlisang bakeng sa bafofisi ba lifofane. Ena e ka ba tsela e khahlisang bakeng sa ba nahanang mosebetsi oa bofofisi ba lifofane kapa esita le bakeng sa ba "ts'oeroeng" ke lik'hamphani tsa lifofane nakong ea koetliso.
"Likhamphani tsa ACMI li ntse li hloka bafofisi ba lifofane ba tšoanelehang ho fihlela tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea lits'ebeletso tsa bona. Ka mohlala, ho rarolla khaello ea lifofane, basebetsi ba bang ba ACMI, ba kang Avion Express le Air Explore, ba qalile ho tšehetsa koetliso ea lifofane ka lenaneo la Pilot Runway MPL ho hohela talenta e ncha. Mokhoa ona ha o thuse feela lik'hamphani tsa lifofane ho tlatsa likheo tsa bohlokoa tsa basebetsi empa hape o fana ka menyetla e mecha bakeng sa batho ba batlang ho kena indastering ea lifofane. ”
Tlhokahalo ea bafofisi ba lifofane nakong e tlang e ka boela ea boleloa esale pele eseng feela ho ACMI e batlang bafofisi ba lifofane ka mafolofolo empa hape le taba ea hore lefa le lifofane tse ling li ntse li tsoela pele ho bula mananeo a cadet le MPL, e leng se bontšang hore bafofisi ba lifofane ba tla hlokahala nakong e tlang.
“Ha hoa nepahala ho qala koetliso feela ha ho tsamaisoa ha lifofane ho qala, kaha ho lokela ho nahanoa hore ho nka lilemo tse peli ho koetlisoa ho fihlela batsamaisi ba lifofane ba se ba loketse mosebetsi. Ka hona, ho lokisetsa esale pele ke habohlokoa, ho bolela Mazeika.
"Ho ea ka pono ea bafofisi ba lifofane, ho molemo ho kena ka hohle-hohle 'me u se ke ua ipehela laesense ea CPL feela. Kantle ho Mofuta oa Rating, ha li khone ho fofa. Ka hona, litharollo tse sebetsang ka ho fetesisa ke ho tlatsana le laesense ea CPL ka Mofuta oa Mofuta hang-hang kapa ho batla laesense ea MPL ho e-na le hoo, e kenyeletsang Mofuta oa Mofuta.