Sehlopha sa tikoloho se lokolotse karete ea sona ea tlaleho ka Laboraro mabapi le hore na lik'hamphani tsa likepe tse tsamaeang ka likepe tse sebetsang metsing a Amerika li sebetsa hantle hakae ho fokotsa tšilafalo, 'me ha ho le ea mong ea fumaneng "A".
Metsoalle ea Lefatše e kentse likepe tse 10 tse kholo tsa likepe, ho kenyelletsa le mabitso a maholohali khoebong, joalo ka Carnival Cruise Lines. Carnival e amohetse "D-minus."
Tlaleho e fane ka sehlopha se phahameng ka ho fetisisa - "B" - ho Holland America Line. Norwegian Cruise Lines le Princess Cruises le bona ba fane ka lintlha tse ntle, e mong le e mong a fumana "B-minus".
Limaraka tse tlase haholo - "Fs" - li ile tsa ea ho Disney Cruise Line le Royal Caribbean International. Celebrity Cruises le Silversea Cruises le tsona li fane ka lintlha tse fosahetseng.
Cunard Cruise Line le Regent Seven Seas Cruise li fumane limaraka tse ka bang karolelano.
"Ka tloaelo, bapalami ba likepe ba khahloa ke matsatsi a phomolo a nang le litšoantšo tsa metsi a hloekileng le litšepiso tsa sebaka se sa senyeheng le liphoofolo tse hlaha tse ngata, empa bapalami bana ha ho mohla ba bolelloang hore matsatsi a bona a phomolo a ka siea letšoao le litšila libakeng tseo ba li etelang," ho boletse Marcie Keever. ea ileng a etella pele "Karete ea Tlaleho ea Tikoloho ea Sekepe sa Cruise Ship."
Cruise Lines International Association, sehlopha se emelang likepe tse 24, se ile sa nyatsa tlaleho eo, ea e bitsa e sa utloahaleng, e fosahetse ebile e iphapanyetsa "taba ea hore maeto a rona a likepe a latela le hore maemong a mangata a feta melao eohle e sebetsang ea tikoloho."
"Hoa soabisa hore ebe bangoli ba "Friends of the Earth" bangoli ba litaba tse fosahetseng joalo ha e le hantle indasteri ena e hatetse pele haholo lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng ho nts'etsapele theknoloji le ho nts'etsapele mananeo a bohlokoa haholo ho sireletsa tikoloho," mokhatlo o boletse polelong.
Metsoalle ea Lefatše e ile ea hlophisa maeto a likepe ka mekhahlelo e meraro: tlhoekiso ea likhoerekhoere, phokotso ea tšilafalo ea moea le ho latela boleng ba metsi metsing a Alaska. E boetse e fane ka kereiti e bonolo ea ho pasa/ho feila molemong oa phihlello ea mohala o mong le o mong tlhahisoleseding ea tikoloho.
Sehlopha se itse Florida, e nang le e meng ea melao e thata haholo e thibelang tšilafalo ea likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe, e boetse e na le likou tse tharo tse holimo tse tlohang ka sekepe: Miami, Port Canaveral le Fort Lauderdale.
Alaska le California li nkile boemo bo matla ka ho fetisisa naheng ka bophara khahlano le tšilafalo ea likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe, sehlopha se boletse.
Keever o itse tse ling tsa maeto a sekepe a ntse a sebetsa ho etsa hore likepe tsa eona li se ke tsa silafatsa, haholo-holo sebakeng sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere. Holland America, Norwegian, Cunard le Celebrity ba fumane limaraka tse holimo bakeng sa ho ba le kalafo e tsoetseng pele ea likhoerekhoere ka har'a likepe tsa bona.
Carnival le Disney li amohetse "Fs" bakeng sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere.
Disney, e nang le likepe tse peli le tse peli tse ntseng li hahuoa, li ka fumana lintlha tse betere mabapi le kalafo ea likhoerekhoere selemong se tlang hobane e ts'episitse ho etsa lintlafatso likepeng tsohle tsa eona, Keever o boletse. Khamphani e phatlalalitse bekeng e fetileng hore ka lekhetlo la pele e tla qala ho fana ka maeto Alaska ho qala ka 2010.
Keever o itse theknoloji e teng bakeng sa lik'hamphani tsa likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe ho kopana le melao e thata ea tikoloho ea Alaska - tseko e ileng ea hanyetsanoa ke mopresidente oa Alaska Cruise Association John Binkley. O boletse hore maeto a likepe a ka thabela ho sebelisa theknoloji e ncha e theko e tlaase ho fihlela maemo a thata a Alaska haeba e ne e le teng, empa ha ho letho le tšepahalang.
Binkley ha a fumanehe bakeng sa maikutlo ka Laboraro.
Ka 2008, likepe tse 12 ho tse 20 tse lumelletsoeng ho tsoa metsing a Alaska li amohetse litlolo, haholo-holo bakeng sa ammonia le litšepe tse boima, Keever o boletse. Taba ea hore likepe tse robeli ha li na litlolo e bonts'a hore e ka etsoa, o boletse joalo.
Litsela tse 10 tsa maeto a likepe li fumane limaraka tse tlase bakeng sa ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea moea. Litsela tse supileng ho tse 10 tsa maeto a sekepe li amohetse "Fs." Ke Princess feela ea ileng a fumana limaraka tse holimo.
Princess o sebelisitse limilione ho fokotsa likhase tse tsoang likepeng tsa hae tsa maeto, Keever o boletse.
Khamphani e tsetetse liranta tse limilione tse 4.7 boema-kepeng ba Juneau e le hore likepe tse tlamellang moo li ka hokela matla a thehiloeng lebopong ho fapana le ho tsamaisa lienjineri tsa tsona ho fana ka matla ho bapalami le basebetsi. Khamphani e boetse e tsetetse $ 1.7 milione ho ntlafatsa boema-kepe ba Seattle. Keever o itse likepe tse robong ho tse 17 tsa Princess li na le li-plug-ins tsa motlakase.
O boletse hore boema-kepe ba Los Angeles hamorao selemong sena bo lebelletsoe ho ba le matla a thehiloeng lebopong la bona la likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe.
Ntle le ntlafatso ea matla likoung le ho khutlisa likepe, likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe li qobelloa ho chesa mafura a bunker ha li ntse li le koung, mafura a "chesang a litšila" a litšila ho feta makhetlo a 1,000 ho isa ho a 2,000 ho feta mafura a teraka ea dizeli, Keever o boletse.
Likepe tsa likepe le tsona li ka hlomelloa ho chesa distillate tsa leoatleng, mafura a tukang ho feta mafura a bunker, Keever o boletse. California haufinyane tjena e laetse likepe tsohle tse tsamaeang ka leoatleng, ho kenyeletsoa le likepe tse tsamaeang ka sekepe, ho chesa mafura a hloekileng sebakeng sa limaele tse 24 ho tloha lebopong.
