Ho tloha pitseng walloper ho ea hoteleng maven: Frederick Henry Harvey

Lilemong tse lekholo tse fetileng, mabenyane a mabeli a meralo a ile a buloa Grand Canyon. Ke likamore tse 95 tsa El Tovar Hotel le Hopi House Indian Arts Building. Ka bobeli li bonts'a ponelopele le khoebo ea Fred Harvey, mojaki ea tsoang Engelane, eo khoebo ea hae e ileng ea qetella e kenyellelitse lireschorente, lihotele, mabenkele a litaba le likoloi tsa ho jela tseleng ea Sante Fe Railroad. Ts'ebelisano 'moho le Atchison, Topeka le Sante Fe e hlahisitse bahahlauli ba bangata ba bacha Amerika Boroa Bophirima ka ho etsa maeto a terene a phutholohe hape a be monate. E sebelisa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba bangata ba Maindia le Amerika, Fred Harvey Company le eona e ile ea bokella mehlala ea matsoalloa a libaskete, litelu, lipopi tsa Kachina, lipitsa le masela.

Fred Harvey o fihlile United States ka 1850 a le lilemo li 15. Mosebetsi oa hae oa pele e ne e le "potter walloper", mochini o hlatsoang lijana New York City ho Smith le McNeill Café. Harvey o ile a etsa phetoho ea mosebetsi mme a sebeletsa literene ka menyetla ea maeto bakeng sa lilemo tse mashome a mabeli hohle United States. O ile a iponela ka boeena seo baeti ba Bophirima ba tlamehang ho se mamella: libiskiti tse ommeng tse sa jeoeng, ham e mafura le kofi e fokolang. O bile a tsamaea ka Hannibel & St. Joseph e tsejoang ka hore ke "Horrible & Slow Jolting". Kamora ho lahloa ke Burlington Railroad, Harvey o ile a etsa tumellano le Charles Morse, mopresidente oa Terene ea Santa Fe. Ka ho ts'oarana ka matsoho feela ho tiisa tumellano ea bona, lik'hamphani tsena tse peli li ile tsa qala tšebelisano 'moho e telele le e behang litholoana.

Baeti ba literene ba mehleng eo ba ne ba haola le Chicago ba tsamaea butle ho leba bophirima litulong tse thata tsa literene tse sa tlalang. Nakong eo lijo tse ngata tsa seporo li neng li le mpe ebile li sa jelloe, Fred Harvey o ile a fana ka lijo tse khahlisang le tse theko e tlase libakeng tsa ho jella tse majabajaba. O ile a bula ntlo ea hae ea pele ea lijo tsa terene Topeka, Kansas ka 1876 moo lijo tse monate, likamore tsa ho jela tse se nang letheba le tšebeletso e mosa e tlisitseng khoebo e atlehang.

Terene ea Santa Fe e fane ka meaho bakeng sa lireschorente tsa Harvey moo literene tsa baeti li neng li emisa habeli ka letsatsi bakeng sa lijo. Terene e ne e jere lihlahisoa tsohle le thepa e hlokoang ke lireschorente tsa Harvey ho kenyelletsa le ho tsamaisa liaparo tse litšila. Fred Harvey o ile a hira, a koetlisa le ho hlokomela basebetsi bohle mme a fana ka lijo le tšebeletso. Leano la Harvey e ne e le "ho boloka litekanyetso, ho sa natsoe litšenyehelo." O ne a lumela hore phaello e tla hola haeba lijo le tšebeletso li le ntle. "Lijo tsa Fred Harvey" e ile ea fetoha lepetjo la Sante Fe Railway. Ho boloka bokhabane bona, o ile a hira le ho koetlisa banana ba sebapali se setle ka ho fetesisa e le basebeletsi ba lijo, "Harvey Girls" e tummeng.

Harvey o ile a beha lipapatso likoranteng tsa Bochabela le Bophirimela tse neng li baleha tjena: “Ho batloa, basali ba bacha ba nang le boits'oaro bo botle, ba bohehang le ba masene, ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho tse 30 e le mabenkele a ho jella Matlong a Lijo a Harvey ka Bophirima. Moputso o motle o nang le kamore le lijo li fanoe. ” Harvey Banana ba koetliselitsoe maemo a holimo a ts'ebeletso e potlakileng le e nang le mekhoa e metle. E ne e le senotlolo sa ho sebeletsa bapalami ba makholo ka metsotso e ka bang 20… karolelano ea bolelele ba nako eo terene e tla e hloka bakeng sa ho sebeletsa. Ke basali ba basoeu feela ba neng ba hiriloe e le Harvey Girls ba se nang basali ba batšo le basali ba 'maloa feela ba Ma-Hispanic le Maindia ba kileng ba sebeletsa e le basebeletsi. Basali ba basoeu ba tsoang Europe ba ne ba bonahala ba amoheleha. Basebetsi ba fokolang, ba batona le ba batšehali, ba ne ba sebetsa likhitseng tsa Harvey le lihotele moo ba neng ba sebeletsa e le basebeletsi ba basali, ba hlatsoang lijana le banana ba li-pantry. Harvey o ne a sena khaello ea bakopi. Ho hakanngoa hore basali ba likete tse lekholo ba ile ba etsa kopo ho tloha ka 1883 ho fihlela lilemong tsa bo-1960.

Harvey Girls kaofela ba ne ba apere junifomo e tšoanang, liaparo tse tšoanelang moitlami: moaparo o molelele o motšo o nang le molaleng o thata oa "Elsie", lieta tse ntšo, li-stockings tse ntšo le li-hairnets. Khamphani e ile ea fana ka apron e tšoeu e koahelang ka botlalo e sosobane hoo e neng e tlameha ho manehoa corset. Harvey Girls o ne a sa roala mabenyane, a sa itlotse ka litlolo ebile a sa hlafuna marenene. Ba ne ba lula matlong a ho robala moo ba neng ba behiloe leihlo haufi-ufi ke molaoli oa bona (kapa mosali oa mookameli), mme nako ea ho fihla lapeng e ne e qobelloa ka thata lilemong tsa pele. Ba ne ba hlokomeloa ka hloko joalo ka baithuti ba sekolo se nang le bolulo liseminaring tsa basali ka Bochabela. Ba ne ba sebetsa ka thata haholo 'me hangata liphetoho tsa bona tsa lihora tse robeli ka letsatsi li ne li aroloa ho tsamaisana le linako tsa koetliso. Ba ile ba bolelloa hore na ba apare eng, ba lule hokae, ba ratane le mang le nako ea ho robala. Ha Basali ba Harvey ba ne ba hiroa lilemong tsa pele, ba ile ba lumela ho se nyale bonyane selemo.

Will Rogers o ngotse ka Harvey Girls:

“Mehleng ea pele, motsamai o ne a fepa nare. Ka ho etsa joalo, nare e ile ea beha setšoantšo sa eona ho nickel. Ha ho le joalo, Fred Harvey o lokela ho ba le setšoantšo sa hae ka lehlakoreng le leng la e 'ngoe ea liresetarete ka matsoho a hae a tletse ham le mahe a monate ka lehlakoreng le leng, hobane ba bolokile Bophirimela bo fuoa lijo le basali. ”

Le leng la mabaka a katleho ea Matlo a Harvey e ne e le bokhoni ba bona ba ho fana ka nama e ncha, ea boleng bo holimo, lijo tsa leoatleng le ho hlahisa libakeng tse hole hole ka Boroa-bophirima. Literene li ne li tlisa nama ea khomo ho tsoa Kansas City, lijo tsa leoatleng le lihlahisoa tse tsoang boroa ho California selemo ho pota.

Basebetsi ba Harvey House ba ile ba khona ho sebetsana le palo e kholo ea bapalami ka nako e khuts'oane hobane batsamaisi ba terene ba ne ba tla khetha menu ho tsoa ho bapalami mme leseli leo le ne le tla tlosoa pele ho baapehi ba Harvey House. Ha terene e kena seteisheneng 'me bapalami ba qala ho theoha ka tereneng, mohiruoa oa Harvey House ea apereng bosoeu o ne a tla thula tšepe ea koporo e neng e eme kantle ho monyako oa resturante. Sena se ne se tsebisa bapalami hanghang hore na ba tlo tla kae, mme Harvey Girls ba ne ba ikemiselitse ho ba sebeletsa.

Ts'ebetso ea Harvey ho liteishene tsa Union e Cleveland, Kansas City, St. Louis, Chicago le Los Angeles li kenyelelitse mabenkele a litaba, mabenkele a limpho a nang le mabenyane a India le mabenyane, mabenkele a ho kuta moriri, mabenkele a joala, likamore tsa ho jela tsa batho ba bang, lireschorente, mabenkele a kofi, sebaka sa ho jella, haberdashery, lipompong le liluloana tsa litholoana, lebenkele le lenyenyane la lefapha, mabenkele a ho jella le liliba tsa soda. Harvey e bile e mong oa ba pele ba ho rekisa thepa ea lebitso la hae la "moqapi": Likatiba tsa Fred Harvey, lihempe, tranelate e kuta, lipompong, likarete tsa ho bapala, esita le whisky e khethehileng ea Harvey. Ntle le lilemo tsa thibelo, Harvey o ile a rekisa feela Scotch e silafalitsoeng ke Ainslie & Heilbron e Glasgow. Joaloka selelekela sa Starbucks, Harvey o ile a paka kofi ea hae e khethiloeng bakeng sa thekiso ea sechaba ka 1948. Motsoako ona o ne o se o tumme har'a baeti ba Sante Fe mme Harvey o ile a rekisa liponto tse 7,000 libekeng tse peli tse qalang. Moqolotsi oa litaba o ile a mo reha "Morui oa Bophirima" mme sengoloa se seng ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1880 sa re "o entse hore lehoatata le thunye ka likhomo tsa likhomo le banana ba batle."

Khampani ea Harvey e hahile lihotele tse majabajaba tsa phomolo haufi le libaka tse ntle tsa bophirimela libakeng tsa boikhathollo tse kang Grand Canyon le Petrified Forest.

Ka 1870, Harvey o ile a haha ​​Clifton Hotel e Florence, Kansas e neng e tšoana le ntlo e ntle ea Manyesemane e nang le liliba le likerese ka serapeng se haufi le libaka tsa bolulo tsa baeti kahare ho kenyeletsoa le kamore ea ho jela e ntle. Mathoasong a lekholo la lilemo, Harvey House e 'ngoe e nang le botle bo lekanang e ne e le Bisonte Hotel e Hutchinson, Kansas e lateloang ke Sequoyah e Syracuse le El Vaquero e Dodge City, kaofela li hahiloe ka setaele sa Spain Mission.

Moeli o moferefere oa Kansas o ne o kenyelletsa palo ea batho ba fetang likhomo tsa likhomo le balebeli ba mehlape, Texans e rekisang likhomo, matekatse le li-saloon-buffs. Harvey o hahile Arcade Hotel "Newton e nang le mali, toropo e khopo ka ho fetisisa Bophirima", kamora hore indasteri ea likhomo e fallele Dodge City. Hamorao, Harvey o ile a fallisetsa ntlo-kholo ea hae ea setereke Newton a tsoa Kansas City ho kenyeletsoa le kaho ea lebese le leholo, semela sa leqhoa, likamore tsa ho notlela nama, setlolo, seteishene sa ho fepa likhoho le semela se hlahisang, semela sa carbonate bakeng sa ho tšela popi ea soda le mouoane oa sejoale-joale. hlatsoetsoa.

Ha Terene ea Santa Fe e feta Kansas ho ea Colorado le New Mexico, Oklahoma le Texas, lihotele tsa Harvey li ile tsa buloa lik'hilomithara tse ling le tse ling tse lekholo. New Mexico e ne e le lehae la batho ba leshome le metso e ts'eletseng, ba bahlano ba bona e ne e le a mang a matle ka ho fetisisa tsamaisong: Montezuma le Castaneda Las Vegas (NM), La Fonda e Sante Fe, Alvarado e Albuquerque, El Navajo e Gallup le El Ortiz ho Lamy.

E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea lihotele tsena e ne e ikhethile empa mohlomong ha ho e 'ngoe ho feta Hotele ea Montezuma e seng e lebalehile Las Vegas, New Mexico. Mohaho o moholo o kang qhobosheane, o hahiloeng haufi le liliba tse chesang tsa diminerale, e ne e le moaho o moholo ka ho fetisisa oa mapolanka naheng ka likamore tse 270 le tora e mekato e robeli. Matloana a eona a ho hlapela a hokahantsoeng a ne a sebeletsa batho ba makholo a mahlano ka letsatsi mme a hlolisana le libaka tsa phomolo tse ntlehali tsa bophelo bo botle United States le Europe. Ka mor'a hore e chese fatše ka 1884, Harvey le Santa Fe ba ile ba tsosolosa hotele ea liranta tse limilione hang-hang. Mohaho ona oa bobeli le ona o ile oa cha haholo 'me oa boela oa emisoa ka 1899. Kamora hore Hotel ea Harvey's El Tovar e buloe ka 1905 Grand Canyon, Montezuma ea koaloa.

Ho tloha ka 1901 ho fihlela ka 1935, Khampani ea Harvey le Sante Fe li ile tsa haha ​​lihotele tse mashome a mabeli a metso e meraro tseo ho tsona ho ntseng ho sebetsa tse latelang feela: El Tovar le Bright Angel Lodge e Grand Canyon, Arizona le La Fonda e Sante Fe, New Mexico.

Sengoli, Stanley Turkel, ke molaoli ea tsebahalang le moeletsi indastering ea hotele. O sebetsa hoteleng ea hae, kamohelo ea baeti le boits'oaro ba boeletsi bo ikhethileng mabapi le taolo ea thepa, tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso le katleho ea litumellano tsa ho rekisa lichelete le likabelo tsa tšehetso ea linyeoe. Bareki ke beng ba lihotele, batseteli le litsi tsa kalimo.

Buka ea hae e ncha ka ho fetesisa e phatlalalitsoe ke AuthorHouse: "Hotel Mavens Volume 2: Henry Morrison Flagler, Henry Bradley Plant, Carl Graham Fisher."

Libuka tse ling tse hatisitsoeng:

• Lihotele tse Kholo tsa Amerika: Bo-pula-maliboho ba indasteri ea lihotele (2009)
  • E Hahiloe ka Nako e Telele: Lihotele tse 100+ tsa New York (2011)
  • E hahiloe ka ho sa feleng: Lihotele tse 100+ tse nang le lilemo tse ngata Bochabela ho Mississippi (2013)
  • Hotele Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt le Oscar oa Waldorf (2014)
  • Great American Hoteliers Buka ea 2: Bo-pula-maliboho ba indasteri ea lihotele (2016)
  • E hahiloe ka ho sa feleng: Lihotele tse lilemo li 100+ tsa Bophirimela ho Mississippi (2017)

Libuka tsena kaofela le tsona li ka odaroa ho AuthorHouse, ka ho etela stanleyturkel.com le ka ho tobetsa sehlooho sa buka.