The Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Lipalangoang tsa Moea (IATA) a hlahisa litebello tse phahameng tsa liphetho tsa Seboka sa bo40 sa Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Lifofane tsa Sechaba (ICAO), ho qala kajeno Montreal.
Ho khothaletsa linaha tseo e leng litho tsa ICAO ho tsoela pele ho tšehetsa boiteko ba indasteri ea ho sebetsana le litlamorao tsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo e tla ba sehlohlolong sa lenaneo.
Lenaneo la indasteri le boetse le kenyelletsa:
• Khokahano e sireletsehileng ea li-drones taolong ea sebaka sa moea
• Ho theha mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa lefats'e oa bapalami ba nang le bokooa,
• Ho kenya tshebetsong moralo wa molao wa matjhaba ho laola taba ya bapalami ba sa laoleheng
• Ho kenya tšebetsong mehato ea sejoale-joale e bonolo bakeng sa boitsebahatso ba baeti, le,
• Ho fokotsa ho ba kotsing ha Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) hore e be le tšitiso e kotsi.
Phetoho ea Tlelaemete
“Lilemong tse tharo tse fetileng, linaha tseo e leng litho tsa ICAO li ile tsa fihlela tumellano ea nalane ea ho kenya tšebetsong Sekema sa Carbon Offset and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). Indasteri eohle ea lifofane e amohetse boitlamo bona ba bohlokoa e le karolo ea mokhoa o akaretsang oa ho fokotsa ka mokhoa o utloahalang phello ea indasteri ea phetoho ea maemo a leholimo. Kajeno, CORSIA ke 'nete ka lik'hamphani tsa lifofane tse latelang tlhahiso ea tsona. Ka bomalimabe, ho na le kotsi ea hore CORSIA e tla nyenyefatsoa ke mebuso e bokellang lisebelisoa tse eketsehileng tsa theko ea khabone. Li bitsoa 'makhetho a tala' empa ha re e-so bone chelete leha e le efe e abetsoeng ho fokotsa carbon. CORSIA e ile ea lumellanoa e le mohato o le mong oa moruo oa lefats'e oa ho fihlela kholo ea khabone ka ho hlahisa $40 bilione ea lichelete tsa boemo ba leholimo le ho fokotsa lithane tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 2.5 tsa CO2 pakeng tsa 2021 le 2035. Mebuso e lokela ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho atlehisa boitlamo boo. Kakaretso le CEO Alexandre de Juniac.
IATA, ka tshebedisano mmoho le Airports Council International (ACI), Civil Air Navigation Services Organisation (CANSO), International Business Aviation Council (IBAC) le International Coordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Associations (ICCAIA), e hokahantsweng ke Air Transport Action Group. (ATAG) e hlahisitse pampiri e sebetsang eo, har'a tse ling, e kopang mebuso ho:
• Tiisa hape bohlokoa ba CORSIA Sebokeng sa ICAO
• Nka karolo ho CORSIA ho tloha nakong ea boithaopo pele e tlama ka 2027
• Tiisa hape hore CORSIA ke "mohato o thehiloeng 'marakeng o sebetsang ho likhase tsa CO2 ho tsoa ho lifofane tsa machaba," le
• Khomarela molao-motheo oa hore likhase tsa machaba tsa bofofisi li lokela ho tlalehoa hang feela, ho se na phetiso.
Khokahano e bolokehileng le e Sebetsang ea UAS (drones) sebakeng sa Airspace
Litsamaiso tsa Lifofane tse sa laoloang (UAS, tse tsejoang hape e le li-drones), li na le menyetla e mengata, ho kenyeletsoa thomello ea thepa ea ntlo le ntlo, motsamao oa moea oa litoropo le phano ea thepa ea tšohanyetso le meriana libakeng tse hole. Leha ho le joalo, tlhokahalo ea mantlha ke ho hokahana ha bona ka mokhoa o bolokehileng le o sebetsang sebakeng sa moea se sebelisetsoang ho tsamaisa bapalami.
"Ka 2023, ts'ebetso ea drone United States feela e ka imena hararo ho latela likhakanyo tse ling. 'Me mokhoa o akaretsang oa tšoana lefatšeng ka bophara. Bothata ke ho finyella bokhoni bona ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng. Tšireletseho ea lifofane tsa sechaba ke mohlala. Indasteri le mebuso e tlameha ho sebetsa ka kopanelo holima maemo a lefats'e le lits'ebetso tse hlokahalang ho fihlela ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng bokhoni bo boholo ba li-drones, "ho boletse de Juniac.
IATA, ka tšebelisano-'moho le CANSO le International Federation of Air Line Pilots Associations (IFALPA) e rometse pampiri ea ho sebetsa e ipiletsang ho linaha hore li sebetse 'moho ka ICAO le ka tšebelisano-'moho le indasteri ho hlahisa litokisetso bakeng sa batho bana ba kenang moeeng ba bacha.
Bapalami ba nang le Bokooa
Indasteri ea lifofane e ikemiselitse ho ntlafatsa phihlelo ea maeto a sefofane bakeng sa batho ba hakanyetsoang ba bilione ba phelang le bokooa lefatšeng ka bophara. Likhamphani tsa lifofane li tiisitse boitlamo bona qetong ea Kopano ea Selemo le Selemo ea IATA ea 2019. Leha ho le joalo, bokhoni ba indasteri ba ho etsa bonnete ba hore bapalami ba phelang le bokooa ba ka tsamaea ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng le ka seriti - tumellanong le Tumellano ea Machaba a Kopaneng ea Litokelo tsa Batho ba nang le Bokooa - e fokolisoa ke keketseho e tsitsitseng ea maano a bokooa a naha / a libaka ao mohlomong a seng joalo. di dumellana kapa di thulana ka kotloloho.
"Ka palo ea batho ba tsofetseng, palo ea batho ba tsamaeang le bokooa e ntse e eketseha 'me e tla tsoela pele ho etsa joalo. Ho tsamaea ka kholiseho, ba itšetleha ka mehato e tsitsitseng e sebelisoang lefatšeng ka bophara. 'Me moralo o lumellanang oa lefats'e o bohlokoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang hore lifofane li sebeletse bareki ba tsona ba nang le bokooa ka mokhoa o bolokehileng, o sireletsehileng, o sebetsang hantle le o tsitsitseng," ho boletse de Juniac. Ho feta moo, Lenaneo la 2030 la Ntshetsopele ya Moshwelella le kopa diketso tse lebisitsweng tse amanang le batho ba nang le bokowa ke dikgwebo, ho kenyeletswa le lekaleng la dipalangwang.
IATA e rometse pampiri e sebetsang e kopang linaha ho tiisa hore mokhoa o lumellanang oa mosebetsi oa phihlello ea lifofane ke tlatsetso ho phihlello ea li-SDG tsa UN. E boetse e khothaletsa ICAO ho theha lenaneo la mosebetsi mabapi le phihlello bakeng sa bapalami ba nang le bokooa le kenyelletsang tlhahlobo ea litekanyetso tse amehang tsa ICAO le mekhoa e khothaletsoang le libuka tsa maano, ka ho nahanela melao-motheo ea IATA ea bapalami ba nang le bokooa.
Bapalami ba sa Laoleheng
Ka litlaleho tsa bapalami ba sa laoleheng ba ntseng ba eketseha butle-butle, IATA, IFALPA le International Transport Workers' Federation, li ile tsa romela pampiri ea tšebetso e khothalletsang linaha ho tiisa Montreal Protocol ea 2014 (MP14) e ntlafatsang mekhoa ea machaba ea ho sebetsana le bapalami ba sa laoleheng. Pampiri e sebetsang e boetse e kopa mebuso ho iphumanela tataiso ea morao-rao ea ICAO mabapi le likarolo tsa molao tsa ho sebetsana le bapalami ba sitisang.
MP14 e rarolla likheo litumellanong tse teng tsa machaba tse bolelang hore bapalami ba sitisang ke ka seoelo ba qosoang ka lebaka la boitšoaro ba bona bo bobe. Linaha tse mashome a mabeli a metso e 'meli li tlameha ho netefatsa MP14 hore e kene tšebetsong, e lebelletsoeng ho etsahala pele selemo sena se fela. Leha ho le joalo, ho etsa bonnete ba ho lumellana le bonnete, ho hlokahala tumello e pharaletseng.
“Liketsahalo tsa bapalami ba sa laoleheng ka bomalimabe ke bothata bo ntseng bo eketseha ’me kamehla ha lia amoheleha. Ha ho mopalami kapa basebetsi ba sekepe ba lokelang ho rohakoa, litšokelo kapa tlhekefetso ho tsoa ho motsamai e mong oa sefofane. Mme le ka mohla tšireletseho ea ho fofa ha ea lokela ho behoa kotsing ke boitšoaro ba bapalami. Ho amoheloa ha MP14 ho tla netefatsa hore linaha li na le matla a hlokahalang ho sebetsana le bapalami ba sa laoleheng ho sa tsotelehe hore na sefofane se ngolisitsoe hokae," ho boletse de Juniac.
ID e le 'ngoe
Pono ea IATA ke ho etella pele indasteri ho fana ka boiphihlelo ba bapalami ba ho qetela bo bolokehileng, bo se nang moroko ebile bo sebetsa hantle. ID e le 'ngoe e sebelisa taolo ea boitsebiso le kananelo ea biometric ho nolofatsa leeto la bapalami. Ka ho etsa joalo, ID e le 'ngoe e tla lokolla tšebetso ea litokomane tsa pampiri le ho thusa bapalami ho feta lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa boema-fofane ka tokeneng e le 'ngoe ea maeto e amoheloang ke bohle ba amehang leetong la mopalami.
“Batsamai ba lifofane ba re boleletse hore ba ikemiselitse ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling ea botho haeba e tlosa mathata a mang a maeto a sefofane, ha feela tlhahisoleseling eo e bolokiloe e bolokehile ebile e sa sebelisoe hampe. Ntle le melemo ea baeti, ID e le 'ngoe e tla etsa hore ho be thata hore batho ka bomong ba tšele meeli tlas'a boitsebiso ba bohata,' me kahoo ba thuse ho loantša ho rekisoa ha batho le liketso tse ling tsa tlōlo ea molao ho tšela meeli. E tla thusa ho fokotsa mela le matšoele libakeng tse hlaselehang habonolo tsa boema-fofane. 'Me e etsa hore ho be le monyetla oa tlhahlobo e thehiloeng ho kotsi le ho sebetsana ka tsela e fapaneng meeling le litsing tsa tšireletso. ID e le 'ngoe ke tsela ea bokamoso mme re hloka ho potlakisa tsoelopele, "ho boletse de Juniac.
Ka kopanelo le ACI, IATA e hlahisitse pampiri e sebetsang e kopang Lekhotla la ICAO ho tsoela pele ho theha leano la lefats'e le lintlha tsa tekheniki tse tšehetsang ts'ebeliso ea kananelo ea biometric bofofising. Pampiri ea tšebetso e boetse e khothaletsa linaha ho ts'ehetsa boikitlaetso bo kenyang letsoho ntlafatsong ea maemo a lefats'e ho netefatsa phapanyetsano e sireletsehileng ea tlhaiso-leseling ea mopalami har'a bankakarolo. E mema linaha ho hlahloba melemo ea kananelo ea biometric ho boloka le ho nolofatsa tšebetso ea bapalami.
Ho sebetsana le Tšitiso e Kotsi ho GNSS
Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) e fana ka lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa boemo le nako e tšehetsang ts'ebetso ea sefofane le tsamaiso ea sephethephethe sa sefofane (ATM). Leha ho le joalo, ho amohetsoe litlaleho tse ngata tsa tšitiso e kotsi ho GNSS. IATA, International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations (IFATCA) le IFALCA li rometse pampiri ea tšebetso e kopang Seboka ho nka mehato e nepahetseng ea phokotso ho fokotsa ho ba kotsing ha GNSS ho kena-kenana le ho etsa bonnete ba hore melaoana e nepahetseng e teng le ho hlokomeloa ho sireletsa Maqhubu a GNSS.
Ntle le litaba tsena, IATA le bankakarolo ba lifofane ba ile ba kenya lipampiri tsa tšebetso mabapi le litaba tse ling tse fapaneng tse kenyeletsang bokhoebo ba batho, ho rekisoa ha liphoofolo tse hlaha, ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling, ts'ireletso ea marang-rang, mafu a seoa, lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea sephethephethe sa sefofane, ts'ireletso le libaka tsa boema-fofane, har'a tse ling. .
Kopano ea ICAO ke ketsahalo ea lilemo tse tharo e tla buloa ka la 24 Loetse 2019 ho la Montreal le baemeli ba tsoang linaheng tse 193 tsa ICAO ba buisanang ka tse ling tsa mathata a bohlokoahali a indasteri ea lipalangoang tsa sefofane ho fihlela Kopano e koala ka la 4 Mphalane.
